Librarian
Evaluating Information (CRAAP)
Use the CRAAP Test method to determine if a web resource is right for you. Evaluate sources based on the following points:
- Currency: When was the information published? Is it up to date?
- Relevance: Is the information what you're really looking for? Who is the material written for: academics, professionals, students, or the general public?
- Authority: Who published, wrote, or edited the information? Is the author an expert on the topic?
- Accuracy: Is the information reliable and accurate? Do other sources verify this information?
- Purpose: What is the purpose of the information? Is it biased to one point of view?
- Evaluating Information - Applying the CRAAP TestThe CRAAP Test was developed by the Meriam Library at California State University, Chico.
- CRAAP test rubricProvided by Ron E Lewis Library
Differences Between Magazine and Journal Articles
Magazine and Journal Articles are often confused. When your instructor asks you to locate a journal article, do you know what you're looking for? The table below outlines some key differences between both sources of information.
| Magazine Article | Journal Article | |
| Topic |
General or current interest |
Detailed examination of professional interest |
| Author |
Non-professional journalist or freelance writer |
Professional, topical expert |
| Purpose | To inform or entertain | To keep scholars current with new research |
| Audience | General public | Professional or special interest groups |
| Example | Maclean's | International Journal of Child Health and Human Development |
Peer Reviewed Documents
Peer reviewed articles have undergone a process of evaluation by subject specific experts (peers) to ensure that information is accurate, high quality, and academically sound. Peer reviewed articles contain original research to be shared with researchers and other professionals.
Not all articles are peer reviewed. To find peer reviewed articles:
- Look for a "Peer Review" or "refereed" search limiter when conducting your search (see example below)
- Check the website of the publication your article was published in. Most journals will state whether the articles within are peer reviewed.